Emerging Nano‐Immunotherapeutic Approaches to Glioma

Glioma is a highly invasive and frequently occurring type of brain malignancy in the central nervous system. The prognosis often poor for glioma patients, despite substantial advances diagnosis therapeutic approaches. breakthrough discoveries oncoimmunology have led to innovative efficacious immunotherapeutic strategies treat or even cure cancer patients; however, efficacy immunotherapy disappointing. unsatisfied outcomes can be explained by local immune resistance, blood–brain barrier (BBB), spatially heterogenous immunologically specialized microenvironment, etc. emergence nanoengineered immunotherapeutics transforms modalities under preclinical clinical settings. Nanotechnology aids crossing BBB flicks switch immunity locally systematically enhanced tumor-infiltrating effector cells against glioma. Herein, advancement knowledge healthy immunology glioma-associated systemic immunosuppression summarized highlighted. development approaches discussed, such as vaccines, dendritic cell checkpoint blockade, adoptive therapy, new immunotargets. nanotechnology-enabled studies clarified perspectives on future possibilities advancing reality treatment are provided.